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    Frontier Reviews and Research
  • Frontier Reviews and Research
    Research Progress on Hot Deformation Behavior， Microstructural Evolution and Phase Transformation Behavior of Nickel-based Superalloys During Processing
    WU Junjie, NIE Liping, GAO Zhenhuan, ZHAO Yong, CHEN Ran, GAO Jitian, WU Ziyun, LONG Laohu, GONG Xiufang
    2026, 40(5): 333-341,356. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.001
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To clarify the hot deformation behavior， microstructure evolution and phase transformation behavior of nickel-based superalloys during processing， extensive research achievements in the field of hot deformation of nickel-based superalloys were reviewed， and the correlations among hot deformability， microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of superalloys were elucidated. The analysis results show that hot metal working processes significantly affect the γ' phase precipitation behavior and recrystallization behavior of nickel-based superalloys， thereby remarkably influencing their mechanical properties. Changes in hot deformation parameters such as deformation temperature， strain and strain rate promote the transition of superalloys from chain-like microstructures to recrystallized microstructures. Discontinuous dynamic recrystallization， continuous dynamic recrystallization and twinning-induced dynamic recrystallization are the dominant softening mechanisms during hot working of nickel-based superalloys. Finally， future research directions for hot working of nickel-based superalloys were proposed.
    • Power Equipment Optimization
  • Power Equipment Optimization
    Experimental Study on Combustion Optimization of W-flame Boiler at Medium and Low Loads
    HE Minghong, YIN Qiang, TIAN Guihang, WU Shaoxu, NING Youhua, MA Dafu, LAI Jinping, ZHOU Wentai, HE Xiang
    2026, 40(5): 342-351. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.002
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In response to the frequent occurrence of severe coking because of the delay of the ignition point in the lower part of the furnace when a W-flame boiler burns high-alkali anthracite from Guizhou Province， combustion optimization tests were carried out. The influences of factors such as the exhaust air damper opening， coal mill deflection baffle opening， secondary air total damper opening， and coal mill outlet temperature were emphatically analyzed. The results indicate that the exhaust air has a negligible impact on the temperature. Increasing the deflection baffle opening of a single coal mill can partly elevate the temperature in the lower part of the furnace， particularly the flue gas temperature at a height of 21.2 m. Augmenting the F damper opening of the middle burner proves beneficial for enhancing the combustion intensity in the lower part of the furnace. Lowering the outlet temperature of the coal mill results in a decrease in the flue gas temperature at 24.5 m. The research results can provide a reference for low-load combustion optimization measures of W-flame boilers burning low-volatile coal.
  • Power Equipment Optimization
    Analysis and Systematic Prevention Practice of Low-temperature Corrosion in Tail-end Equipment of Boilers in Deep Peak Regulation Units
    GAO Pei, XIAO Jianfeng
    2026, 40(5): 352-356. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.003
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To address the aggravated low-temperature corrosion of tail-end equipment in coal-fired boilers and ensure safe， economical and environmentally friendly operation of generating units， this study took a 300 MW boiler in a power plant as the research object. Field maintenance and operation data analysis were carried out to diagnose tail-end equipment such as air preheaters and flue gas coolers. The results show that the formation and condensation of ammonium bisulfate and ammonium chloride are the core mechanisms causing corrosion and blockage. Root causes include increased chlorine content from sludge co-firing， excessive ammonia escape in the selective catalytic reduction （SCR） denitrification process， and low flue gas temperatures due to deep peak regulation. An integrated control strategy was implemented， involving optimization of sludge co-firing ratio to 8%， catalyst replacement and ammonia injection optimization， material upgrades， adjustment of flue gas cooler parameters， and installation of a dynamic flue gas temperature control system. Practical results demonstrate that these measures effectively mitigate corrosion and blockage， providing valuable engineering experience for similar units.
  • Power Equipment Optimization
    Cause Analysis of High Mechanical Seal Water Temperature of the Feed Water Pump in a Thermal Power Plant
    ZHOU Xinle
    2026, 40(5): 357-362. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.004
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Aiming at the long-term high temperature of mechanical seal water on the outlet side of one steam-driven feed water pump in a thermal power plant， relevant troubleshooting was carried out. Comprehensive monitoring and horizontal comparison of operating parameters of the mechanical seal water system， an in-depth analysis of equipment structure and working principles， and a disassembly inspection of components related to the mechanical seal were conducted sequentially. The problems of insufficient cooling water flow and severely degraded hydrodynamic performance of the circulation device in the mechanical seal water system were resolved. The results show that the mechanical seal water temperature is reduced by 50.0 ℃ after maintenance， potential hazards in the feed water system are eliminated， and the safety and reliability of the unit are improved.
  • Power Equipment Optimization
    Research on Feedwater Oxygenated Treatment Methods for Fourth-generation Nuclear Power Units
    WANG Lei, ZHANG Guowei, YAO Yao, LIU Feng, HU Yang, ZHANG Ruixiang
    2026, 40(5): 363-368. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.005
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The feedwater of the fourth-generation nuclear power units is prone to flow-accelerated corrosion （FAC） under the condition of all volatile treatment （reduction） （AVT（R））， resulting in the deposition of magnetic Fe3O4 at the inlet orifice of the steam generator， causing blockage of the steam generator heat transfer tubes and affecting the safe and stable operation of the nuclear power units. Feedwater oxygenated treatment is currently the most effective method for inhibiting flow-accelerated corrosion. In order to alleviate the problem of blockage of the inlet orifice of the steam generator in the fourth-generation nuclear power units， a feedwater oxygenated treatment method suitable for the fourth-generation nuclear power units was proposed. By collecting and organizing data on water quality， operating parameters， materials， oxygenation methods， oxygenation positions and oxygenation concentrations of 30 once-through thermal power boiler units that have already implemented feedwater oxygenated treatment， and comparing them in terms of the water quality， operating parameters and materials with the secondary circuit of the fourth-generation nuclear power units， the advantages and disadvantages of the four feedwater oxygenated treatment methods in terms of safety， economy， control accuracy， and operational reliability， as well as their applicability in the fourth-generation nuclear power units were analyzed. The results show that controlling the feedwater oxygen concentration at 10-50 μg/kg， cation conductivity ≤0.1 μS/cm and pH value of 9.0-9.2 can significantly reduce the iron content in feedwater and lower the scaling rate of units. The inherently safe demineralized water oxygenation technology is recommended as the preferred feedwater oxygenated treatment method for fourth-generation nuclear power units.
    • Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology
  • Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology
    Analysis of Energy-saving Potential for a 330 MW Subcritical Boiler and Its Auxiliary Systems
    HE Xiong, DUAN Pei
    2026, 40(5): 369-376,381. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.006
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Through an analysis of the current operational economic indicators of a 330 MW subcritical coal-fired unit and field research on the operational status of on-site equipment and systems， the unit's actual coal consumption rate and the primary factors affecting its operational economics were determined. On this basis， the quantitative impacts of these factors on the economic indicators of the unit were further calculated， revealing the energy loss distribution and primary causes. The direction and priorities of future energy conservation and consumption reduction were clarified， and targeted technical approaches and implementation schemes were proposed. Meanwhile， the energy consumption level of the unit after various retrofits was predicted and analyzed. The research results can provide a reference for optimal operation， equipment maintenance and technical renovation of power plants.
  • Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology
    Research on Exhaust Gas Temperature Control and Thermal Efficiency Optimization of Waste Incinerators
    TONG Xin
    2026, 40(5): 377-381. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.007
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    Based on operational data from a waste incinerator plant， the exhaust gas temperatures under different operating conditions were analyzed. Methods including adjusting primary air temperature， secondary air volume and boiler soot-blowing were proposed to reduce exhaust gas temperature and improve thermal efficiency. Experimental results show that by cooperatively regulating the primary air temperature （180-220 ℃）， secondary air volume （6 000-12 000 m3/h） and conducting regular soot-blowing， the exhaust gas temperature is significantly reduced， and the boiler thermal efficiency is improved. The research results provide a feasible scheme for energy saving， consumption reduction and environmentally friendly operation of waste incinerator plants.
    • Digitalization and Intelligentization
  • Digitalization and Intelligentization
    Research on Architecture of Intelligent Control Systems and Auxiliary Optimization Technology for Thermal Power Plants
    LI Bing, LOU Qinghui, SHI Xiangjian, CAI Dan, WANG Yanchu, LIU Wei, WANG Zhebei
    2026, 40(5): 382-386. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.008
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    Based on the current situation of the power plant's automatic control system construction， carrying out intelligent construction in a reasonable manner and enhancing the practicability of the optimization model are the key to improving energy efficiency and reducing consumption for in-service units. Combined with GB/T 44770—2024 Technical Requirements for Intelligent Thermal Power Plant， a scheme for independently building an intelligent power generation control system for operating power plants was presented. Through comprehensive comparative analysis， the feasibility and safety of the scheme were demonstrated. On this basis， a technical model and implementation method for auxiliary optimization of thermal power generating units based on operating condition division and data mining were proposed. Firstly， steady-state operating conditions were screened by calculating the load change rate based on a sliding window， and then operating conditions were divided according to boundary parameters. Within each condition， the optimal operating parameters were obtained through clustering algorithms. The feasibility of the model was verified through application in a 2×1 000 MW unit. This optimization method has certain universality， which facilitates power plant professionals to establish optimization tasks according to different optimization objectives and obtain reference values of various operating parameters based on historical data mining.
  • Digitalization and Intelligentization
    Upgrading， Renovation and Engineering Practice of Core Equipment for Digital-intelligent Fuel Management of 1 000 MW Ultra-supercritical Peak-regulating Units
    ZHANG Guoshan, MA Jun, HAO Yong, LIU Junjie
    2026, 40(5): 387-393,399. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.009
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    To address the three major drawbacks of "low precision， slow response and difficult traceability" in the fuel management of coal-fired peak-regulating units under the new power system and the "dual carbon" goals， the upgrading of the digital-intelligent fuel management system for the 4×1 000 MW units of a power plant was focused on， and a three-in-one framework of "multi-source perception-intelligent algorithms-blockchain certification" was proposed. A fully intelligent management system across the entire process was finally achieved by integrating optical character recognition （OCR）-QR code recognition， attention-mechanism-improved back propagation （BP） neural networks， lightweight fuel large models， and consortium blockchain technology. The results show that the system has achieved three major breakthroughs. The accuracy rate of mine ticket/vehicle recognition is over 99.85%. The sampling qualification rate has been raised to 98.6%， and the prediction error of procurement cost is less than 3.2%. The settlement dispute rate has dropped from 8% to 1%， and the failure rate has decreased to 0.8 times per month. The research provides systematic solutions for equipment selection， algorithm paths and blockchain modes in digital-intelligent fuel management systems.
  • Digitalization and Intelligentization
    Spatiotemporal Characteristics-based Decoupling Control Method for Multimodal Operation Data of Coal Mills in Thermal Power Plants
    GUO Zhi
    2026, 40(5): 394-399. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.010
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To address the problem of strong spatiotemporal coupling and nonlinear time-varying characteristics in the multimodal operation data of coal mills in thermal power plants， which make it difficult for traditional single variable control strategies to meet the requirements of multivariable collaborative control and restrict the improvement of operational stability and energy efficiency， a multivariable decoupling control method that integrates spatiotemporal characteristics was proposed. By analyzing the operation principle of the coal mill and the characteristics of multi-source data， an improved adaptive wavelet threshold denoising and time-delay compensation method was adopted for preprocessing. A multi-scale temporal convolutional network was used to extract time features， and a graph attention network was used to construct a spatial topological graph to extract spatial features. Then， a dual stream cross attention mechanism was used to achieve spatiotemporal characteristics fusion. A hierarchical decoupling controller with a dynamic compensation layer and a robust control layer was designed. Multi-variable decoupling control was achieved based on the characteristic decoupling matrix. Furthermore， the verification was conducted using the coal mill of a 660 MW unit. The results show that compared with traditional proportional-integral-differential （PID） control， this method improves the overshoot of pulverized coal fineness by 72.6%， shortens the recovery time of outlet temperature by 51.1%， reduces the standard deviation of vibration intensity by 43.7%， and decreases the coupling degree of air coal ratio by 84.5%. The probability of maintaining the outlet temperature within the set value ±2 ℃ range under coal quality disturbance is 93.6%， the number of abnormal shutdowns is significantly reduced， and high control accuracy is still maintained under grinding roller wear condition. This method can effectively reduce the coupling effects of multiple variables， improve the stability and control accuracy of coal mills operation， and provide an effective technical approach for optimizing coal mills control systems in thermal power plants.
  • Digitalization and Intelligentization
    Research on Integrated Development Method of IGCC System Simulation Software
    WANG Shengling, QUE Xiaobin, LI Shilong, DONG Zhuyu, SONG Xiaowei
    2026, 40(5): 400-404,411. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.011
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    The research and development （R&D） of integrated gasification combined cycle （IGCC） systems involves complex design processes， massive data resources， and numerous software tools. It is an iterative R&D design process requiring gradual refinement across multiple design stages. During the design process， typical pain points exist， including implicit and scattered knowledge， inconsistent data formats， poor data correlations， widespread data silos， low software reuse rates， and high usage thresholds. To automate a large amount of repetitive manual work in the R&D and design of IGCC systems， industrial-technology digitization was realized through integrated development. Mature R&D methods and repetitive operation procedures were solidified into industrial applications. Ultimately， R&D methods， knowledge and technologies were externalized， modeled and digitized， enabling computers to automatically perform repetitive tasks and thus achieving high efficiency， high quality and low costs in the R&D process. Taking the integration of a three-dimensional flow-field simulation tool within an IGCC system as an example， this paper presented the development process， core contents and application cases of tool integration.
    • New Energy Technology
  • New Energy Technology
    Application Status and Prospect Analysis of Concrete Foundations for Floating Wind Turbines
    TAN Zhen, HU Mengjin, ZHONG Renjie
    2026, 40(5): 405-411. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.012
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    Floating off-shore wind power is regarded as an important technical route for the development of deep-sea wind power. However， the cost of floating wind power has remained high， with the floating foundation accounting for a large proportion of the cost structure. Exploring low-cost forms of floating wind power foundations has become a consensus. By conducting research and analysis on the current operational concrete foundations of floating wind turbines， covering multiple dimensions such as design concepts， manufacturing processes， and operational conditions， and combining the difficulties and countermeasures in the application of marine concrete in port and island-tunnel projects， suggestions were put forward for the application prospects of floating concrete foundations. Therefore， it is necessary to develop floating foundation types adapted to the characteristics of concrete materials that are suitable for batch production models， and carry out research on the standardization of floating concrete foundation technology to promote standardized development. The application of more cost-effective concrete materials in floating foundations can effectively reduce construction costs and is an effective way for the large-scale development of floating wind power.
  • New Energy Technology
    Research on the Development Prospect of Offshore Wind-to-hydrogen in Jiangsu Province
    CHU Yi, HUANG Jingjian, LIU Rongfeng, QU Yuelong, ZHANG Hanwen, GENG Xiaoqian, SHEN Hao, ZHANG Min
    2026, 40(5): 412-417,426. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.013
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    In order to fully leverage the role of offshore wind-to-hydrogen as an important green hydrogen production method in promoting the effective accommodation of offshore wind power， the current development status and technical routes of offshore wind-to-hydrogen were analyzed in depth， and the strategies for the layout of offshore wind-to-hydrogen systems were discussed. Meanwhile， targeted analysis and evaluation were conducted in combination with the industrial development characteristics of offshore wind power and hydrogen energy in Jiangsu Province. This paper clarifies the development status， core technical routes and system layout optimization directions of offshore wind-to-hydrogen. It indicates that technological advancement and large-scale production are accelerating the commercialization of offshore wind-to-hydrogen. In addition， combined with local industrial development characteristics， a systematic prediction of the future development trends of offshore wind-to-hydrogen in Jiangsu Province is presented.
  • New Energy Technology
    Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Scheme for Photovoltaic Modules Integrating Embedded Systems and TinyML
    TAO Hao, LIU Ningjing, HUANG Xiaohong, LI Longbin, PAN Yanlin, CHEN Gang
    2026, 40(5): 418-426. https://doi.org/10.19806/j.cnki.fdsb.2026.05.014
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To achieve intelligent and refined operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power stations， a module-level monitoring scheme based on embedded edge computing and tiny machine learning（TinyML） was proposed. A three-layer architecture consisting of sensing nodes， edge gateways and cloud platforms was constructed. Embedded sensor nodes were deployed on the component side to collect current and voltage（I-V） data. Edge intelligent gateways were deployed at the combiner boxes， with built-in lightweight artificial intelligence（AI） models， to analyze I-V curve characteristics in real time for accurate localization and classification of faults such as hot spots and aging. Finally， the diagnostic results were uploaded to the cloud. By sinking computing power to the network edge， this scheme effectively reduces the data communication load， achieves real-time detection and accurate localization of faults， and provides a novel design idea for building an efficient and low-cost intelligent operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations.